fa ie 1 He fs aeely i Laity id i 3 iA ih y, a fat . af rity ute Re AF ie ot PE a Heshilatad Pi on Sear Berta, “tee it 8 Se ih efit ui Retard ith Fee tad 3} Jatt s ' beat galy bag yaD an neta Rae dy AFP usa ‘i + al gel ( of eae ite fd PAE Fe MiMnehes stitehy cee be na PROPERTY OF THE "~~. NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK pROPERT 8 OC NATIONAL ooLoste AL PARE Py) Wena ee " “at Plt * Wa Abies : ny (ae ° <> PROCEEDINGS OF THE SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON FOR THE YEAR 1876. OPERTY OF THE NATIONAL Oe PARE PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY, AND SOLD AT THEIR HOUSE IN HANOVER SQUARE. LONDON: MESSRS. LONGMANS, GREEN, READER, AND DYER, PATERNOSTER ROW, te Kiss ed & OF THE COUNCIL AND OFFICERS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. 1876. COUNCIL. THe Marauis oF Twreppan, F.R.S., President. THE Lorp ABINGER. Tut Lorp CaLrHorPE. Masor-Gen. Henry Crerk, R.A., FR.S: Rosgert Drummonp, Esq., Z'rea- surer. Proressor Frower, F.R.S., Vice- President. Joun P. Gasstorr, Jun., Esq. Artuur Grote, Esq. Dr. AtBert GintHER, F.R.S., Vice-President. Dr. E. Haminton, Vice-President. Epmunp W. H. Hotpsworra, Esq. Rosert Hvpson, Esq., F.RS., Vice-President. Proressor Mivart, F.R.S. Proressor Newton, F.R.S., Vice- President. | Henry Potrock, Esq. THE Lorp Anruvur Russett, M.P. OsseErt Satvin, Esq., F.R.S. Painie Lourie, Scrater, Esq., M.A., Pu.D., F.R.S., Secretary. Ricwarp H. 8. Vyvyan, Esq. Tur Lorp WALSINGHAM. Grorcr R. Waternouse, Esq., Vice-President. PRINCIPAL OFFICERS. Office, 11 Hanover Square, W. P. L. Scuater, Esq., Ph.D., F.R.S., Secretary. Mr. F. H. Warernovuse, Librarian. Mr. W. J. WitttaMms, Clerk. Gardens, Regent's Park, N.W. Mr. A. D. Bartierr, Superintendent. Proressor Garrop, F.R.S., Prosector

. «ses are sleremnele 638 Scuirer, Epwarp A., Assistant-Professor of Physiology, and WituraMs, D. James, Student of Medicine, in Uni- versity College, London. On the Structure of the Mucous Membrane of the Stomach in‘the Kangaroos, (Plates*VITE=XI-) 3.2 sei eis eee 165 ScuaTerR, Puiiie Lutvey, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.S., Secretary to the Society. Report on the additions to the Society’s Menagerie in WecemberAS(a.. tow sca s fe 45 5 se aha eee tec ounce On some additional Species of Birds from St. Lucia, West Tndiessor CP lates.) c..wenwe sae ee sins «ae oe 6 nee Sew eee ple Extract from a Report of the visit of H.M.S. ‘ Peterel’ to the Galapagos Islands ..caes 22sec ce ees ns Soya. wee og HLS Exhibition of, and remarks on, an antler of a Rusa Deer.. 179 Report on the additions to the Society’s Menagerie in DANUARV AL SAO. sj casi tase csintertr tie ste ewes «ata ae TM ree 254 Exhibition of, and remarks on, a new Parrot (Conurus illigeri) belonging to the Museum of Neuchatel.......... 255 Report on the additions to the Society’s Menagerie in Bebruary 18/65 resco tac titi «sone ee Seer 273 Exhibition of and remarks on the skin of a female of Anderson's Pheasants: ir. - 6... 52.5 Description of an apparently new Species of Owl from the Solomon Islands; s@BlatesE ITs) F.:. iiss. niece sie «sess auegee Sowersy, G. B., Jun. Descriptions of six new Species of Shells from the Col- lections of the Marchioness Paulucci and Dr. Prevost. (Nites TPN) anes ot tots avons Sotiale a tote eter aneh alin ea ate anal eee Taczanowskl, L., C.M.Z.S. Description d’un nouveau Cerf tacheté du pays d’Ussuri méridional, Cervus dybowsktt, 2... 002. cess scsenceanses Trimren, Rowanp, F.Z.S., Curator of the South-African Museum, Capetown. Letter from, addressed to the Secretary, containing re- marks on Canis chama, Smith ........ Page 253 334 673 752 123 XV Tristram, Rev. H. B., F.Z.S. Note on the Discovery of the Roebuck (Cervus capreolus) PASE BICRLINE! <5 <-soeeeremeea as, 9 aie fuses RG PMsorienenn ae 420 WiuiurAMs, D. James, Student of Medicine, and Scuirer, Epwarp A., Assistant-Professor of Physiology, in University College, London. On the Structure of the Mucous Membrane of the Stomach in the Kangaroos. (Plates VIII.-XI.) ...,.,..,,..,,., 165 Plate Page I. Xephodon platyceners. cars; ng ais wete nays sisrecemasualecerouer 3 Le? Pencopeza Semperd. 4.5 vv, arcsivieus a0 a ot aii eee 13 III. “ Thamnophilus melanchrous .....002-+0000ee08%005 15 IV. Chart of Families of the order Glires.............. 61 V. New Land-Shells from Taviuni .. ..0.0:5. 000004 0 99 ae New Species of Leracolus..c: seis «> si « %o monies siete eres ase 126 VIII. Fig. 1. Stomach of Macropus giganteus............ 1X | Figs. 2 & 3. Stomach of Macropus giganteus ...... ’ | Fig. 4. Stomach of Dorcopsis luctuosa .........605 [ 16 Fig. 5. Stomach of Macropus giganteus............ pee ie Fie 6. Stomach of Dorcopsis luctuosa ............ [ XI. Figs. 7-10. Stomach of Dorcopsis luctuosa ........ J x1) ae \ Anatomy of Chauna derbiana ...cccececec eee eves 189 XV. KVL VEchinorhynchus elegans. << ios0 sam sic rsuere esi Hs eloses 200 ear PCLUVIADID UGLELi bes injec ote! -'a'e sain a edete sieiceal seiner 205 XVIII. XIX. Kerguelen-Island Arachnida .......i..ecseceeees 258 XX. New Australian and Solomon-Island Helices........ 265 AXIS (New or rare Hntozoa. c2vvij.sige «ets ces ttaess oe cnet 294 XXII. New Malayan: Lepidoptera os.sc. + steers secteaneee 308 | RTT Paleo Gaby lonicus.,.c.0. .vsea ss wie one ce tear 310 DORI V.. 5 USLENCOTOTIUS CRUENEIS. \.. sarees etnies asec e Sean ee oe OL7 RXV «2 Lol y GOGUS TROTUS NAVs a 6 wicis tue 5 emits oe ones aes ene 333 XXVI. XXVII.} Anatomy of Plotus anhinga ...0....--..05+0ee: 335 XX VAN. XIX, Dasyprocta aZzare@: ass .anciaseiec 04,0 347 XXX. Fig. 1. Calliste fulvicervix ; Fig. 2. C. argyrofenges. XXX]. Malacothraupis dentata saves css 6 s+0 00s SE 359 XXXII. Lathria uropygialis ...... AD Ocoee dons dons = XXXII... Thamnophilus subfasctatus-.... 0. ossmacees AEXIV. Querquedula andiwm.... cases as sco - eee eee 358 LIST OF PLATES. xvil Plate Page MOEN . Coles CastanOnOlus scars sG'eSia.s viz, areraveere ss ou atstem or 413 XXXVI. Tupaia tana, var. CRYSUTE.. 05.66 k ese cee cee oe | RAXVU -Viverra megaspilaad et jr sa.5 acs ca ceoav owes vc ae XXXVIII. ae Deep-sea and Littoral Corals ...........0s.eeeee 428 XLI. ML. Manucodia comritinin aks seni s fates bares WING we XLII. Megapodius macgillivrayit .....ccceccerccenccves sce XLIV. Lobiophasis bulwerit. Fig. 1. 9. Fig. 2. d ...... 465 xv. 5 Fis: 1. Skeleton of Mesoplodon flower? .........++. | Fig. 2. Skeleton of Ziphius nove zealandi@........ bee XLVI. } Fig. 1. Skull of Mesoplodon floweri, upper view .... ; Fig. 2. Skull of Ziphius nove zealandie, upper view XLVIL j Land-Shells from New Guinea, Madagascar, and Aus- } EVAL Ate eee see remeRe Hr ecec hore orators Cletaer a clone ore 488 XLVIII. ) XLIX. LL Anatomy of the Passeres........sceeeeeecesevens 506 LIL. LUI. } LIV. Cyclopsitia suavissima.....ccecceeccessesscesees 520 LV. Suctorial and Adhesive Foot-pads of Mammals .... 526 LVI. Figs.1,2. Deanea favoides. Figs.3,4. Farrea ees 535 LVII. Figs.1,2. Farrea perarmata. Figs.3,4. F.irregularis LVIII. LIX.} New Egyptian Spiders..........seeecesesevceees 541 LX. Fig. 1. Anous tenuirostris ....cesceccceescecevecs LXI, |B 2, Anous melanogenysS 0. ccsevecsecsoverare | 638 Fig. 3. Anous leucocapillus......eceeeeeeeecenees LXII. Ninow solomonis .....ccecerereceeccscorsvccens 673 TRULY. Stet agnd occsc acca ve ve bates wesc ened eeees 677 LXIV. Delphinus albirostris. Fig. 1. Specimen from eis 679 Grimsby. Fig. 2. Specimen from Lowestoft .... LXV. Stomach of Delphinus albirostris ......+0+s00e005 686 LXVI. Corvus capellanus ....ccceccccsesaceccsccvcscere 694 LXVII. Sarcidiornis melanonota .....ceeeeeececeverevecs 695 LXVIII. Sarcidiornis carunculata .....scccevccesesasscess TGRUNGY SCLUTUS SECCTIU: oot cots oreiche elalss oi evavere syeteyelaterel etal e's) ops > LXX. Hystria crassispinis ...... 00 cccccccese cece eevee LXXL, Vrichaysilepur ws ois alee wainn og Sralrsle aie sina wine «ele lee = 35 EXXEL, Hapale leucopus: 64 cic.so senses orale 21 816) wouanrsings ie i LXXITII. Loncheres caniceps ....ccccccsscsceseseccvcecce | LXXIV. Echimys ferrugineus......sccecesesececerececens J Plate LXXV. LXXVI. LXXVII. LXXVIII. LXXIX. LXXX. LXXXI. LXXXII. xvill Page New shells from the Eastern Hemisphere.......... 792 Head of Lophotragus michianus......00eccceceees Haye Butterflies from New Guinea .....:.c800ccceec0es 765 Desmacidon plumosa. 6.ccc cscs s+ so vecees wlecen os Chaling Gerticilatd. san Pak «soso teeter 768 OplitospOnGid FUCOIDES sive. aie s+. vio 0) siete seeisiodetede euels Riaphiodesme FadtOSt: « 5)s's » betweenmiddlepremolars 1:1 2°8 2. Ona New Ziphioid Whale. By Jutius von Haast, Ph.D., F.R.S., Director of the Canterbury Museum, Christ- church, New Zealand. Communicated by Prof. W. H. Frower, F.R.S. [Received November 16, 1875.] In the month of May of this year the Canterbury Museum re- ceived from W. Hood, Esq., of the Chatham Islands, three skulls of Ziphioid Whales taken from specimens stranded with about 25 others during the summer of last year on the Waitangi beach of the main island of that group. They were described as ‘‘blackfish,”’ all belonging to the same school, by my informant, who moreover believes that the whole series belonged to the same species. * Not, however, as a subgenus of Anoplotherium, from which it is perfectly distinct. 8 DR. J. VON HAAST ON A NEW ZIPHIOIP WHALE. [Jan. 4 Unfortunately the skulls were so badly separated from the body that the occipital portion has been cut off, so as to lay the brain-ca- vity open; but as they were brought over with the greater portion of the skin still attached, some hitherto unknown and, as I think, pecu- liar characteristic features in the dentition of a Ziphioid genus have fortunately been preserved. These three skulls accord in many respects with the genus Mesop- lodon of Gervais, of which I will point out only one, viz. that they possess one tooth in each ramus of the lower jaw opposite the pos- terior edge of the symphysis, and of varying size and shape, either hidden below the gum or rising conspicuously above, according to age and sex. ‘They differ, however, from all known species of the genus by possessing in the upper jaw, starting in a vertical line above the posterior border of the mandibular tooth, a series of small conical teeth slightly ineurved, which extends to near the gape of the mouth. I may here at once observe that these teeth are neither rudimen- tary nor are they confined to young animals, because, as [ shall show in the sequel, these three skulls are derived from individuals of dif- ferent ages, of which one is an aged (male?) animal, in which the row of teeth is best developed. It is thus evident that this series of teeth is a functional portion of the animal, and is constant and necessary for its proper nourishment, some of them being broken off, others evidently worn down from use. That these small teeth, of which the largest stands scarcely half an inch above the gums, are only rooted in the gums, does not lessen their value as a specific character of some importance. Of the species of Zipbioid Whales inhabiting the New-Zealand seas I have obtained three, namely Berardius arnouxii (3 specimens), Ziphius nove zealandie, and Mesoplodon floweri (Haast, MS.), none of which shows the least sign or rudiments of teeth in the upper jaw. Moreover several others have been secured in New Zealand and Aus- tralia ; but nowhere can I find that, except the teeth in the lower jaw, they possessed any ; and I have looked carefully over all the different papers on the Ziphioid Whales of the northern hemisphere to which I had access, without finding the slightest mention made of the oc- currence of such a peculiar feature in their dentition. On the contrary, Professor Flower in his excellent paper on the recent Ziphioid Whales (Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. viii. part 3), when enumerating their principal structural characters, begins by stating that they have “no functional teeth in the upper jaw.” IL believe that this term functional is rather ambiguous and can scarcely be applied to the genus under consideration, as we are totally un- acquainted with the food on which it subsists, or the manner in which the same is obtained. It is true, these teeth do not grow from alveolar grooves in the maxillaries, but only from a groove in the gums, and have their roots implanted therein; nevertheless I have no doubt that they are always present and do perform as distinct and important functions as those of Kogia or any of the Dolphins which possess teeth of similar form. 1876.] DR.J. VON HAAST ON A NEW ZIPHIOID WHALE. 9 The first of the accompanying photographs shows the three skulls in comparison with each other; the second the middle portion of the second skull, belonging to an aged (male?) individual; whilst the following list gives the principal dimensions of these three skulls with the soft parts attached, as far as they could be ascertained; but as soon as they are macerated I shall offer some further observations on their anatcmical structure. Table of Measurements of three Skulls of Mesoplodon Grayi, with the greater portion of soft parts adhering. | Saease Skull IT., | Skull TIT., | Die probably | probably | cae male | male grown). (aged). (young). | | Height of Skull from top of nasals (skin preserved) to lower border of pterygoids, the latter lying exposed...) 0 11:13 | O 11:58 | 0 912 Greatest breadth of skull across post- orbital processes of frontals............ 1 048 | 1 0-88 9-51 | Length of skull from crest of nasal bones | to anterior border of rostrum, in a Strarshtulinons ots.c ress s.ieaaasessenescs: 2 546 | 2 347 |1 507 | Length of ramus of lower jaw, soft parts preserved on anterior border ......... 2 Oe | es 6O'00: oS eho | From gape* of mouth to anterior bor-| der of lower jaw) 2) ass adhsesicectucs oases 1 6:50" | 4:87 10-05 From anterior border of lower jaw to| pa CentreOk tOOtM terse .cssstendentecese see 10°75 10:12 5-00 From centre of tooth to gape of mouth. 7°75 675 5-05 Breadth of lower jaw at centre of We MRLOOLM ES tiarsa cute wssen cst ce sedsorecessaves 2°31 2°69 1-75 | Distance from extremity of rostrum to ficsteaMteriOr tOOUM em resmcdoesseeas -e8: 11:06 10°75 5°62 Distance from gape to end of teeth ... 1:02 1:37 1:40 Hye, perpendicular diameter, about ... 2:25 2°27 | Opening of blower, the two extremities slightly directed backwards, about... 4:50 4:50 3°25 Number of teeth in upper jaw ......... 19 Al 17 I should have liked to give also in this list the breadth of the ros- trum at the anteorbital notches, as it would have supplied another im- portant point for comparison ; but the coverings prevented this ; also I was not able to give the total length of each skull, owing to the oc- cipital portion being cut off ; but the length of the skulls from crest of nasals to anterior border of the rostrum, as well as the length of the ramus of each mandible, will supply this deficiency and offer us sufficient material for comparison. * The drying of the skin has been so unequal in the different specimens, and even on the two sides of the same skull, that the position of the gape cannot be fixed with?precision. 10 DR. J. VON HAAST ON A NEW ZIPHIOID WHALE. [Jan. 4, Examining the skulls separately, we find that the one marked No. 1 is longer but narrower than No. 2, This is still more striking when we compare the two rostrums with each other, that of skull No. 1 being considerably narrower than that of skull No.2. The same observation applies to the mandibles, which in No. 1 only widen very gradually and are much narrower all along than those of skull No. 2. In fact, if both skulls had been obtained separately I believe that they would probably have been assigned to two distinct species. a. Side view of upper and lower jaws, covered with the dried skin, of No. 2 (aged male ?), showing the row of small teeth above and the single large mandi- bular tooth. From a photograph. 6, Four of the upper teeth, with the whole of their roots exposed ; natural size. When the skull No. 1 was first examined by me, the sharp point of a tooth in each ramus of the lower jaw, when passing the finger over the gums, was discernible; but I doubt if this was to be felt before the gums were dried up. In cutting a portion of the gums away, the apex of a very flat tooth, rather acutely triangular as far as visible, was exposed, which stands about one eighth of an inch above the upper surface of the ramus. This tooth is imbedded in a very narrow alveolar cavity situated near the posterior edge of the symphysis, the ramus here scarcely bulging out ; this is still more obvious if we compare that portion of the ramus with that of skulls Nos. 2 & 3. Above the posterior edge of the small tooth in the lower jaw, and which without doubt has to perform some function, notwithstanding that it is covered by the gum, a row of small conical teeth, the apices slightly incurved, begins on each side of the upper jaw, reaching within an inch of the gape of the mouth, which, however, may have somewhat retreated by the drying of the skin. These small teeth are situated in a well-defined dental groove in the gums. There were 19 teeth on each side, of which, however, several are broken off. They are from 0°20 to 0°40 inch long, and occupied a line 6°12 inches in length, standing nearly the eighth of an inch apart. Of the whole series, the first or anterior tooth is the smallest, the succeeding ones gradually getting larger till the eighth, and then maintaining the same size to nearly their termination. 1876.] DR.J. VON HAAST ON A NEW ZIPHIOID WHALE. Hi The crowns of the teeth stand at about the same level with the cen- tral line of the palate. The opening along the upper surface of the rostrum is still unclosed, thus showing that the animal is not so aged as the next specimen, No. 2. I may here add that the rostrum in all three skulls is half an inch shorter than the mandible, and that it lies in a well-defined groove in the latter. Skull No. 2.—The measurements of this skull, as far as I was able to obtain them, show that, as previously stated, it was not so elongate as the former, but somewhat broader and more massive in all its pro- portions. The ramiof the mandible widen much sooner than those of the former; about 7 inches from their anterior extremity they ex- pand considerably in order to form the alveolar cavity for a large tooth which here rises conspicuously on both sides, having a vertical position. This tooth has a compressed triangular shape, i is “Qi inches broad at its base on the line of the gums, and rises 13 inch above them. On the inner side near the top it is slightly abraded, and on the outside broken considerably, so as to suggest that the animal used it for the purpose of defence or attack. This injury has taken place on both teeth, so that they have lost their point and show a ragged horizontal apex with a width of nearly a quarter of an inch. From behind the tooth the rami expand very little as far as the gape. A similar row of small teeth, described as occurring in the first specimen, exists also in this second skull; but there are apparently only 17 of them. ‘Their position is exactly the same as in the foregoing, the first standing exactly above the posterior edge of the base of the large tooth in the lower jaw. The teeth have the same form as those previously described, except that they are generally thicker; this becomes conspicuous with the 7th tooth, after which they gradually increase to the 13th, which is 2 of an inch thick at its base and stands 0°45 inch above the gums. They then keep nearly the same size to the posterior end of the series. As the space on which these 17 teeth stand is only 4°25 inches long, besides their greater stoutness they are far more crowded than in the first-described skull. Owing to the fact that the gums have dried more thoroughly in this than in the two other skulls, iv both of which the teeth stand erect with the curve of the apex directed inwards, the teeth in this skull are no longer in their normal position, but le somewhat forwards on the palate. The groove in the upper surface of the rostrum, between the pre- maxillaries, is filled by a convex ridge of dense bone with a small channel on each side. That this is only caused by age, and that it is neither a sexual nor a specific character, is proved by the fact that the next skull, No. 3, which is doubtless a young half-grown specimen of the same sex as the one under review, has this groove on the top of the rostrum still open, and thus resembles the skull No. 1 although in the latter that groove is narrower and more shallow. Skull No. 3.—Assuming that the last-deseribed skull belongs to 12 DR. J. VON HAAST ON A NEW ZIPHIOID WHALE. [Jan. 4, an aged male, the measurements of the third skull under consideration must lead us to the conclusion that it is that of a young half-grown male. Beginning with the lower jaw, the same form as in the fore- going is observable, the rami expanding considerably as soon as we reach the neighbourhood of the alveolar eae and although the tooth in the same is only small, and stands only 0°25 inch above the edge of the ramus, that alveolar cavity is much more bulged out and has a different form from the first (or female ?) skull described. The apex of the tooth was distinctly visible, and seemed to have already pierced the gums when the animal was alive. The row of teeth in the upper jaw, however, which have the same form as in the skull No. 2, are smaller and somewhat more slender. They begin likewise above the posterior end of the alveolar cavity. There are, as inthe preceding skull, 17 teeth on each side, occupy- ing a length of 2°48 inches. They stand more closely together than in the supposed female skull No. 1, thus also agreeing with the second skuil in that respect. In volume vi. of the Transactions of the New-Zealand Institute, Dr. Hector describes the lower jaw of a Ziphioid Whale under the title ‘‘ Notice of a variation in the dentition of Mlesoplodon hector, Gray.” It is difficult for me to conceive by what process the tooth in the lower jaw which, in Mesoplodon hectori, stands at the anterior end of the ramus, could have travelled as far backwards as to stand now opposite the posterior edge of the symphysis. Hitherto I have be- lieved that the position of the mandibular teeth was constant and a valuable specific character—an opinion which, as faras I am aware, is held by the most eminent cetologists, and which the observations I was able to make on the three skulls under review amply confirms. Moreover I[ wish to add that a comparison of these three skulls with the skull of Mesoplodon hectori, Gray, in the Canterbury Museum, and which is derived from an aged specimen, shows at a glance the distinct specific characters. Weare only at the beginning of the study of our Ziphioid Whales ; and I have no doubt that year by year new material will come to hand ; so that by the lumping of two distinct species into one, as at- tempted by Dr. Hector, and for which no tangible reason can be as- signed, only confusion will be created. The occurrence of hidden teeth in the gums of Ziphius australis, Burmeister, of which he gives a careful description in his ex- haustive paper, ‘‘ Descripcion detallada del Epiodon australe” in the ‘ Anales del Museo publico de Buenos Ayres,’ part v. page 328, is a point of great interest. On first thought, one might assume that that specimen was so young that the teeth had not yet pierced the gums, and that animals belonging to that species when full-grown would be possessed of a row of teeth in each jaw resembling those of Mesoplodon grayt. However, two (and what I think fatal) objections have to be urged against such a theory. The skull of No. 3 belongs doubtless to a younger specimen than ee epaey, lee] aay Niels i aay (im) ard ae) bs A. Lo Loy be 4 4 ok i \ bh ob Wy 4 Vy Et ETUBL' 79 JN Win 19a” “ture 1876.] MR. P. L. SCLATER ON BIRDS FROM ST. LUCIA. 13 Ziphius australis; nevertheless the row of teeth standing above the gums was perfectly formed; and, secondly, the specimen of Ziphius nove zealandie, of which the Canterbury Museum pos- sessses a complete skeleton, was an aged female and obtained in the flesh, but did not show the least trace of any row of small teeth above the gums. I have examined carefully the gums of the new species in both jaws, where no teeth were visible, but without the least success, no hidden teeth being in existence anywhere. Finally I propose to designate this new Cetacean by the specific name of grayi in memory of the late Dr. J. E. Gray, to whom New Zealand is so much indebted for his contributions towards the better knowledge of its natural history. Conclusion. In summing up the evidence which the three skulls under review present tous, the following points may be accepted as fully esta- blished :— Ist. That there exists a Ziphioid Whale in the New-Zealand seas which possesses a mandibular tooth at the posterior edge of the symphysis, either hidden below the gum or standing conspicuously above it, according to age or sex. 2nd. That the skull of one of the sexes (probably the female) is longer but narrower and lower than that of the opposite (probably the male) sex—the latter possessing also a large triangular compressed tooth rising above the gum, which in the other (probably female) sex Is much smaller and almost hidden below the gum. 3rd. That both sexes possess permanently in the upper jaw a row of small conical teeth with the apex slightly incurved, which, although only rooted in the guns, have to perform important functions in the nourishing-process of the animal. 3. On some additional Species of Birds from St. Lucia, West Indies. By P. lL. Scuater, M.A.; Ph.D., F.R.S., Secretary to the Society. {Received November 30, 1875. | (Plate II.) The Rev. J. E. Semper, of St. Lucia, who has already done so much to make us acquainted with the ornithology of that island, has lately forwarded to me a third collection of birds, which I hee now the pleasure of exhibiting. It contains examples of eight species not included in my two former articles on this subject*, and among them two specimens of a very remarkable form, which * P. Z.8. 1871, p. 263, and 1872, p. 647. 14 MR. P. L. SCLATER ON BIRDS FROM ST. LUCIA. [Jan. 4, appears to be referable to a new genus of Mniotiltidee. The fol- lowing is a list of the species, with the local names as given by Mr. Semper :— 1. Thryothorus mesoleucus, sp.nov. Local name “ Rossignol.” 2. Leucopeza semperi, sp. et gen. nov. Local name, “ Pied- blanc.” 3. Setophaga ruticilla (Linn.). Local name, “ Carrougette.”’ 4. Progne dominicensis (Gm.). Local name, ** White-breasted Swallow.” : : : ‘ 5. Euphonia flavifrons (Sparrm.). Local name, ‘ Moisson a couleurs.” 6. Phonipara bicolor (Linn.). Local name, ‘ Grass-sparrow.”’ 7. Aigialitis semipalmata (Bp.) Local name, “ Bécasse a collier.”’ 8. Tringa fuscicollis (Vieill.). Local name, ‘ Bécasse.”’ I append descriptions of the two new species. TuHRYOTHORUS MESOLEUCUS, Sp. Nov, Supra terreno-brunneus, alis caudaque nigro transfasciatis, uropy- git plumis laxis, albo sub apicem punctatis: subtus pure albus hypochondriis et crisso fulvis, hoc indistincte nigro maculato : rostro superiore corneo, inferiore albicante, pedibus fuscis : long. tota 4:0, ale 2°0, caude 1:5, rostri a rictu ‘8. Hab. ins. St. Lucia Antillarum (Semper). Mus. P. 1. 8. Obs. Minor statura quam TJ’. martinicensis, et rostro longiore tenuiore et magis incurvo: quoad colores abdomine albo satis diversus. LEUCOPEZA SEMPER], gen. et sp. nov. (Plate II.) Leucopeza*, gen. nov. ex familia Mniotiltidarum, ad Helmintherum, Helminthophagam et hujusmodi genera spectans, rostro fere simili, sed alis rotundatis, remige tertio et quarto longissimis, secundo quintum equante, primo quam sextus paxlo breviore distinguendum. Ptilosis fere unicolor, cineracea, immaculata. Pedes fortes. Tarsi elongati. Cauda paulum rotundata. LEUCOPEZA SEMPERI, sp. nov. (Plate II.) Cineraceus unicolor, dorso postico in olivaceum trahente, subtus pallidior, medialiter albescens, ventre medio fere pure aibo: rostro corneo, pedibus albis: long. tota 5°7, ale 2°7, caude 2°2, tarsi 0°9, rostri a rictu 0°8. Hab. ins. St. Lucia Antillarum (Semper). Mus. P.L. S. * Acukds, albus, et wéZa, pes—ex nomine vulgari “ Ped-blane.” SEA EYe + ANNDAT mit 1876.] MESSRS. SCLATER AND SALVIN ON PERUVIAN BIRDS. 15 4, Note on the Spoonbill of the Argentine Republic. By W. H. Hupson, C.M.Z.S. [Received November 17, 1875. ] It has been said that Spoonbills ‘ obtain their food by shovelling in the mud with their beaks.’’? This is perhaps true of the Kuro- pean bird; the Spoonbills which I have observed feeding certainly obtained their food exclusively from the water, as Flamingoes do. In reference to the Rose-coloured Spoonbills of America, I believe ornithologists have been mistaken in referring them all to one species. Whether two or only one species existed was a moot question a century ago: it has been decided that there is but one, the Platalea ajaja, and that the paler-plumaged birds, with feathered heads and black eyes, and without the bright wing-spots, the tuft on the breast, horny excrescences on the beak, and other marks, are only immature birds. Now it is quite possible the young of P. aaja resembles the common Rose-coloured Spoonbill of Buenos Ayres ; but in that country, for one bird with all the characteristic marks of an adult P. ajaja, we meet with not less, Lam sure, than two or three hundred examples of the paler bird without any trace of such marks. This fact of itself might incline one to believe that there two dis- tinct species, and that the common Platalea of Buenos Ayres inhabits the temperate regions south of the range of the true P. ajaja. Other facts confirm me in that opinion. A common Spoonbill was kept tame by a friend of mine seven years, at the end of which time it died without having acquired any of the distinguishing marks of P. ajaja. I have dissected three examples of the latter species, and observed in them the curiously formed trachea recently described by Mr. Garrod*. I have shot perhaps a hundred specimens of the common bird ; for they are extremely abundant with us. Of these I have opened about thirty, but in none of them did I find this form of trachea. I am therefore convinced that we have two distinct species of rose-coloured Spoonbill, inhabiting different portions of the continent. 5. On Peruvian Birds collected by Mr. Whitely. By P. L. ScuateR, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.S., and Ossert Satvin, M.A., F.R.S.—Part IX.+ [Received December 8, 1875. ] (Plate III.) The ninth collection of Mr. Whitely’s Peruvian birds, now before us, has been formed in the same district of High Peru as the last was. It contains examples of sixty-five species. * P. ZS. 1875, p. 297. t For Part VIII. see P. Z.S. 1874, p. 677. 16 MESSRS. SCLATER AND SALVIN ON PERUVIAN BIRDS. [Jan. 4, Maramora, Potrero, and Huiro are villages in the valley of Santa Anna, north of Cuzco, at elevations of 4000, 4500, and 4800 feet respectively. vious papers on this subject. The following is a complete list of the species :— The other localities have been mentioned in our pre- * CO CONT S CUB OD BO 5 — — 12 38 *46 . Conirostrum, sp. inc. 2. Cyanocorax incas (Bodd.) . Parula pitiaywmi (Vieill.) . Geothlypis velata (Vieill.) . Setophaga verticalis, Lafr. et d’Orb. ...... . Vireosylvia olivacea (Linn.)..........:000000 eee ereecceeses Atticora cyanoleuca (Vieill.) Piaphoniivap (ho) kt eo . Tanagra corlestis, Spix.....c00.0...ssseeeses oes Se EE DOP ISTEl tt Senaanoocnconero scoDbonsancase darwini, Bp. . Ramphocelus atrosericeus, Lafr. et d’Orb. Tachyphonus melaleucus (Sparrm.)......++ . Saldator magnus (Gm.).....00sc00.s.ceeceseee . \Onchesticus ater (GiIM.) scas-sieseccese